Page 28 - RESEARCH HANDBOOK FOR LL.M. AND PHD

BLOCK QUOTATIONS [Rule B 12]
Quotations of fifty or more words should be single spaced, indented left and right, justified,
and without quotation marks. This is known as a block quotation. Quotation marks within a
block quotation should appear as they do in the original. The citation following a block
quotation should not be indented hut should begin at the left margin on the line following the
quotation, as shown in this example:

This presumptive privilege must be considered in light of our historic commitment to the
rule of law. This is nowhere more profoundly manifest than in our view that “the twofold
aim [of criminal justice] is that guilt shall not escape or innocence suffer.” We have elected to
BLOCK
employ an adversary system of criminal justice in which the parties contest all issues before a
QUOTATIONS
court of law.... To ensure that justice is done, it is imperative to the function of courts that
compulsory process be available for the production of evidence needed either by the
prosecution or by the defense.
United States v. Nixon 418 U.S. 683, 708-09 (1974) (citation omitted). The Court then
balanced this interest against the evils of forced disclosure. at 710. Consult rule 5 for
guidance concerning other aspects of quotation, including omissions and alterations from
original quoted material.

INTRODUCTORY SIGNALS [Rule 1.2]
(a) Signals that indicate support.
Cited authority (i) directly states the proposition, (ii) identifies the source of a quotation, or
no signal
(iii) identifies an authority referred to in the text. Use ”[no signal],” for example, when
directly quoting an authority or when restating numerical data from an authority
Cited authority states the proposition; other authorities also state the proposition, but
E.g., citation to them would not be helpful or is not necessary. ”E.g.” may also be used in

combination with other signals, preceded by a comma: See, e.g.,
But see, e.g.,

”Accord” is commonly used when two or more sources state or clearly support the
Accord proposition, but the text quotes or refers to only one; the other sources are then introduced
by “accord”. Similarly, the law of one jurisdiction may be cited as being in accord with the
law of another.

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